The engine of the car is maintained in various climatic conditions and at various loadings. Thus the temperature of cooling liquid should remain in a narrow temperature range that the system of cooling of the engine provides.
The cooling system closed liquid, turns on the water pump with a drive an auxiliary belt from a cranked shaft, the radiator fan with an electric drive, a radiator, a broad tank,
the thermostat
, a heater radiator, hoses and switches.
The water pump of lopastny type is established in front on the block of cylinders.
The thermostat
depending on temperature of cooling liquid automatically includes or disconnects a radiator of system of cooling, passing liquid through a radiator or passing it.
At start-up of the cold engine cooling liquid does not arrive in a radiator as the main valve of the thermostat is closed, and perepuskny is open. Cooling liquid circulates on a shirt of the block and a head of the block of cylinders, then again arrives in the pump. So fast warming up of the cold engine is provided.
When cooling liquid will reach temperature of opening of the thermostat, the firm wax filler of the thermostat extends, compresses a rubber insert and pushes out the piston. Thus the main valve will open completely, and perepuskny will completely be closed. Hot cooling liquid passes through a hose to a radiator and is cooled with a stream of counter air.
The fan of a radiator turns on a thermoswitch depending on temperature of cooling liquid.
The radiator of cooling is closed by a tight cover. The cover creates an elevated pressure in cooling system that lifts temperature of boiling of cooling liquid, and more high temperature of boiling of cooling liquid increases efficiency of a radiator. If pressure in system exceeds a preset value, the safety valve in a cover opens and lets out cooling liquid through a hose in a broad tank. When cooling cooling liquid flows from a tank back in a radiator.
The broad tank carries out two functions: serves as capacity for collecting warm cooling liquid and for replenishment of system of cooling.
The air submitted by system of ventilation to salon of the car, can be warmed up or cooled, depending on the conditions of comfort chosen by the driver and passengers. Heating and conditioning systems separate, however their units and knots settle down in car salon in the general case under the dashboard. All stream of air submitted to salon goes for heating or cooling through the same air lines. The temperature and speed of a stream of air is regulated by means of the same governing bodies.
Heat allocated at operation of the engine, is transferred by cooling liquid to the radiator of a heater located in salon. The air stream from the fan of salon passes through a radiator and heats up heat of cooling liquid.
If the air leaving ventilating lattices, does not heat up, the following reasons are possible:
–
the thermostat
is constantly open, therefore cooling liquid does not heat up to the demanded temperature and does not transfer heat enough to a heater radiator. In this case replace
the thermostat
;
– hoses of supply of cooling liquid to a heater radiator are littered. Check temperature of hoses about a partition of a motor compartment, they should be hot. If one of hoses cold, means, there is a contamination of hoses or a heater radiator. Disconnect hoses from unions on a partition of a motor compartment and, in turn submitting water under pressure to unions, wash out hoses and a heater radiator;
– if washing of a radiator of a heater did not give positive results, replace a radiator.
Cooling liquid
PREVENTION
Do not allow hit of cooling liquid on clothes and a paint and varnish covering of a body. Otherwise wash out a surface a large amount of water.
Collect and utilize the merged cooling liquid.
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The system of cooling should be all the year round filled with cooling liquid. Cooling liquid represents a mix of etilenglikolevy antifreeze and the distilled water in the ratio 50:50. In zones with a frigid climate the content of antifreeze in cooling liquid can be increased according to recommendations of the producer of liquid, however should not exceed 70 %.
Optimum concentration of antifreeze excludes liquid freezing in the block of cylinders of the engine, formation of corrosion and a limy deposit, and also increases temperature of boiling of cooling liquid.
Replacement of cooling liquid with washing of system of cooling is necessary for making every two years. Before filling of system of cooling check a condition of hoses and their fastenings. In use the car level of cooling liquid should not change. Fast falling of level of cooling liquid indicates a leak and need of its elimination. Check a condition of a radiator, the water pump, hoses, connections and jams plum on existence of traces of a podtekaniye on them. If leaks are not found, check at service station pressure of opening of the valve in a radiator cover.
Replacement of cooling liquid is necessary for making also after carrying out any works on elements of system of cooling with plums of cooling liquid. If at repair the head of the block of cylinders, laying of a head of the block, a radiator or the oil heat exchanger were replaced, fill in in cooling system fresh cooling liquid. It is connected with that the anticorrosive additive in cooling liquid at operation of the engine is besieged and creates anticorrosive protection. In the cooling liquid which were in operation, anticorrosive additives are insufficiently active to form a protective layer on again established details.